Wednesday 25 November 2015

What it is Lyme disease?

What it is Lyme disease?

Lyme borreliosis, or Lyme disease - an infectious disease transmitted by ticks.

The causative agent of Lyme disease - a type of Borrelia (Borrelia burgdorferi), from the family Spirochetaceae. This - the only species of Borrelia, pathogenic to humans and widely distributed in the temperate zone.

In Russia, you can become infected with Lyme disease after being bitten a tick in the forests of the Leningrad, Tver, Yaroslavl, Kostroma, Kaliningrad, Perm and Tyumen regions. In the Urals, western Siberia and the Far East ticks that carry Lyme disease are found in pastures. Depending on the season the likelihood of disease after the tick bite varies from 5 to 90%.

Lyme disease
What it is Lyme disease?

What's happening?

Infection occurs through the bite of an infected tick. Borrelia from tick saliva enter the skin and propagated for several days, after which they spread to other areas of the skin and internal organs (heart, brain, joints, etc.). Borrelia in a long time (years) can be stored in the human body, causing a delayed onset of the disease, chronic illness or refunds borellioza after apparent recovery.

What is shown?

From the first bite to the appearance of symptoms extends from 2 to 30 days, on average - 2 weeks. A characteristic feature of the beginning of the disease in 70% of cases, is a reddening of the skin at the site of the bite. The red spot is gradually increased, reaching 1-10 cm in diameter, and sometimes up to 60 cm or more. Spot shape round or oval, rarely wrong. The outer edge of a red inflamed skin, multiple rising above the level of the skin. Over time, the central part of the spot becomes pale or bluish tint, create the shape of the ring. The site of the tick bite in the center of the spot, first you can see the crust, then wound scarring. Spot persists without treatment 2-3 weeks, then disappears. Across 1-1, 5 months developed signs of nervous system, heart or joints.

Diagnostics

Great good fortune should be considered to establish a diagnosis of Lyme disease at the stage of cutaneous manifestations. Unfortunately, the disease often fails to suspect it's too late, when fully apparent defeat of the internal organs. Borreliosis can confirm the diagnosis by a special blood test. Such studies are carried out in specialized laboratories in infectious hospitals.

Treatment

Treatment Lyme disease is carried out in an infectious diseases hospital, where, first of all, the therapy aimed at the destruction of Borrelia. Without such treatment, the disease progresses, becomes chronic, and in some cases leads to disability. They have been ill are under medical supervision for 2 years, and examined after 3, 6, 12 months and 2 years. If bitten by a tick next day should come to the Infectious Diseases Hospital with a remote mite for his research on the presence of Borrelia. In order to prevent Lyme disease after being bitten by an infected tick is recommended to take Doxycycline 1 tablet (0.1 g), 2 times a day for 5 days (children under 12 not assigned). However, before taking the antibiotic should consult with your doctor - the drug is contra! In Moscow, at the Institute of Rheumatology, a special working group to study Lyme disease.

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1 comment:

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